ETAP: AN INTEGRATED SOFTWARE FOR POWER QUALITY SIMULATIONS

Friday, March 11, 2011

ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program) is the most comprehensive solution for the design, simulation, and analysis of generation, transmission, distribution, and industrial power systems. In addition, using its standard offline simulation modules, ETAP can utilize real-time operating data for advanced monitoring, real-time simulation, optimization, energy management systems and high-speed intelligent load shedding.

ETAP has been designed and developed by engineers for engineers to handle the diverse discipline of power systems in one integrated package with multiple interface views such as AC and DC networks, cable raceways, ground grid, GIS, panels, protective device coordination/selectivity, and AC and DC control system diagrams. 
ETAP Electrical Transient Analyzer Program
ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program)
To download or request a CD of ETAP Demo Version (Click here)

ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program) has several electrical engineering programs that include the following power quality related modules: 

ETAP Harmonic Analysis
ETAP Harmonic Analysis
ETAP Harmonic Analysis
The wide and ever increasing applications of power electronic devices, such as variable speed drives, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), static power converters, etc., power system voltage and current quality has been severely affected in some areas. In these areas components other than that of fundamental frequency can be found to exist in the distorted voltage and current waveforms. These components usually are the integer multipliers of the fundamental frequency, called harmonics. In addition to electronic devices, some other nonlinear loads, or devices including saturated transformers, arc furnaces, fluorescent lights, and cycloconverters are also responsible for the deterioration in power system quality.

a. Harmonic Load Flow

ETAP's Harmonic Analysis module let you simulate harmonic current and voltage sources, identify harmonic problems, reduce nuisance trips, design and test filters, and report harmonic voltage and current distortion limit violations. Comprehensive load flow and frequency scan calculations are performed using detailed harmonic source models and power system component frequency models. Results are shown graphically, including harmonic order, harmonic spectrum plots, and harmonic waveform plots, as well as Crystal Reports.

b. Harmonic Frequency Scan

ETAP Frequency Scan module is the best tool to investigate the system resonance problem. It calculates and plots the magnitudes and phase angles of bus driving point impedance over a frequency range specified by the user; thus, any parallel resonance condition and its resonance frequency can be clearly identified. The harmonic frequency scan study also allows users to tune their harmonic filter parameters and test the final results.


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ETAP Optimal Capacitor Placement (OCP)

ETAP recognizes that power systems are inductive in nature, and require additional reactive power flow from the power grid. But excessive reactive power demands result in reduced system capacity, increased losses, and decreased voltage, as well as higher operating costs. Shunt capacitor banks are able to compensate for var requirements, but bank size, location, the capacitor control method, and cost considerations are important issues that need to be optimized during the design phase. An ideal solution would be a capacitor placement tool (just like ETAP Optimal Capacitor Placement module) that is able to weigh all these factors and considers load levels. This solution should also be able to place capacitors for voltage support and power factor correction, while minimizing the total cost of installation and operation.

ETAP Transient Stability

ETAP Transient Stability
ETAP Transient Stability
ETAP Transient Stability Analysis program is designed to investigate the system dynamic responses and stability limits of a power system before, during, and after system changes or disturbances. The program models dynamic characteristics of a power system, implements the user-defined events and actions, solves the system network equation and machine differential equations interactively to find out system and machine responses in time domain. You can use these responses to determine the system transient behavior, make stability assessment, set protective device settings, and apply the necessary remedy or enhancement to improve the system stability.
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ETAP Generator Start-up

ETAP Generator Start-Up Analysis is a special feature of the ETAP Transient Stability program. This type of analysis is particularly necessary for nuclear generation plants and for special conditions when the connection to a power grid is lost and recovery of the power supply to some critical loads is mandatory. In these cases, a cold stand-by generator is started up as an emergency condition and progresses through acceleration and load acceptance stages, before finally reaching steady state condition.

The generator start-up analysis can simulate the entire process of a synchronous generator during start-up, from the cold stand-by mode to the full operation mode. The synchronous generator and all of its associated controls, including turbine/engine and governor system, excitation/AVR system, and other associated controls, are modeled in a very detailed and extensive way, including both frequency dependency and saturation correction. The Event and Action editors in the Transient Stability Study Case Editor, along with Frequency and Voltage Relays, allow you to start the generator and operate circuit breakers exactly the same as in a real system. Induction motors are dynamically modeled with frequency dependent models to allow acceleration at under frequency and under voltage conditions. Other system components are also correctly and accurately modeled.

Reference:
ETAP Help File

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I am a Professional Electrical Engineer with a Masters Degree in Business Administration. My interest is in Power Quality, Diagnostic Testing and Protective Relaying. I have been working in an electric distribution utility for more than a decade. I handle PQ studies, power system analysis, diagnostic testing, protective relaying and capital budgeting for company projects.